A mathematical solution on how the grouting materials flows in rock fractures is for long time the foundation in our grouting design and research. The solution that we still use today has its roots in Lombardi’s’ derivation on rheology of cement grout and has after this been utilized and specialized by many researchers in Sweden and abroad.
Claesson and Gustafson carried out substantial work on Bingham radial flow in the 21st century. The time dependency could finally be used analytically and then be more easily used within the grouting business. The overall scope of this research topic was to further understand and detail the theories of grout flow. There were two parallel projects within the Rock Engineering Research Foundation (BeFo) studying the radial spread of Bingham material. The two projects had two fundamental different approaches of the Bingham plug. The conclusions from the projects are that both results can be used to calculate and model the grout flow.
This study uses a radius dependent plug flow and assesses that mass balance is fulfilled in all three dimensions. This work clarifies some ideas and crucial understanding of the nature of the Bingham plug as well to get the whole grouting process described mathematically. With this report and results it is now possible to bring in the variation in pressure such as the characteristics of the grout pump and pressure build up in the system in the grouting design.
The research presented in this report was mainly carried out at the Lund University, Chalmers University of Technology and Luleå university of technology. Valuable input and guidance were given by Åsa Fransson in the initial part of the project. The discussions with the project reference group are also gratefully acknowledged. The following have participated: Ulf Håkansson (Skanska), Tommy Ellison (Besab), Lars Hässler (independent consultant), Thomas Janson (Tyréns), Stefan Sandman (independent consultant) and Per Tengborg (BeFo). The project was funded by the Rock Engineering Research Foundation (BeFo).
Stockholm
Per Tengborg
